1925
TimesMachine: May 6, 1925 - NYTimes.com
VINCENT ASTOR HOME ON FIFTH AV. SOLD
Social Landmark to Give Way to a Twenty-Story Apartment Hotel. PREDICT FURTHER EXODUS Property Was Held at $3,000,000 — Benjamin Winter Buyer — Gets Three Adjoining Sites. VINCENT ASTOR HOME ON FIFTH AV. SOL
Vincent Astor sold his residence at 840 Fifth Avenue yesterday to Benjamin Winter, real estate operator and builder, who will demolish it and erect on the site an apartment hotel. The property was held at over $3,000,000, and the new building will represent an investment of $10,000,000.
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TimesMachine: August 25, 1925 - NYTimes.com
DANCING MASTERS UPLIFT CHARLESTON
Approve It, After a Debate, but Rule Out Kicks and Eccentricities.
THE WALTZ TO BE REVIVED
The Tango and Fox Trot Also to Come Back, Teachers Say at Convention Here.
A modified form of the Charleston will be the popular dance of the Winter if the verdict of the Society of American Teachers of Dancing at their national convention at the Waldorf is observed. After a spirited argument at their meeting yesterday the dancing instructors voted to accept as their standard a form of the Charleston which has been worked out at the meetings of the New York Chapter of the society, and which eliminates the kicks and some of the more complex motions of the Charleston.
Several of the teachers put up a stiff battle at the meeting yesterday morning for the approval of the Charleston in its popular form, with the kicks and all, but the conservative element carried the day.
"We must preserve the dignity of the dance at all costs," state Louis H. Chalif, President of the association. "America is the dance leader of the world. Paris and London follow our lead; and we must teach only dances that will win the favor of people of culture."
As demonstrated before the teachers by Miss Rose Byrne of New York the modified Charleston differs principally from the ordinary form in that the toes must not be raised from the floor. The feet must not be more than forty-five degrees out of line from the body and the dancers must stand erect instead of leaning back.
The tango and the waltz are expected to have a renaissance of popularity this Winter and the dancing teachers are planning simplified forms of both dances. The fox trot also will be danced, with combinations from waltz figures introduced.
TimesMachine: October 1, 1925 - NYTimes.com
J. HENRY DICK DIES
IS SUGAR LEIDER
Director of National Refining Company Succumbs to Long Illness in 75th Year. STARTED IN FATHER'S FIRM Was Interested In Banking, Real Estate and Paper Manufacturing — Gave to Charities.
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1925/10/11/104189646.html?pageNumber=26
J. HENRY DICK ESTATE DIVIDED AMONG FAMILY
Sons Get Realty and Personality at Widow's Death — Amount Set at More Than $40,000.
RIVERHEAD, L.I., Oct. 10. — The will of J. Henry Dick of Brooklyn, a Summer resident of Islip, who was one of the leading sugar refiners of the United States for many years, has been filed in the Surrogate's Court here.
To William Dick, a son who married the wife o the late John Jacob Astor, and Adolph M. Dick, another son, is bequeathed all his jewelry. The use of the testator's real estate at Islip and all of the personal property therein are given to Mrs. Julia T. Dick, the widow, during her lifetime, and at her death the realty and personalty at Islip go to the sons. The widow receives the residue of the estate. The petition states the value o the estate as more than $40,000.
Mrs. Dick and her two sons are named executors and in the event of the death of the son, William K. Dick, the Irving Bank-Columbia Trust Company of 233 Broadway, New York, is designated to fill the vacancy. The executors are authorized to use their own discretion in the investment and reinvestment of all funds of the estate, regardless of whether the laws of the State of New York authorized funds of estates to be invested in such securities, and they are not to be chargeable with any loss resulting rom the investments made. The executors are not required to give bond.
Mr. Dick was a member of the old sugar refining firm Dick & Meyer and subsequently was prominent in the affairs o the American Sugar Refining Company. He died on Sept. 30. The will was executed on May 23, 1924. Besides the widow and two sons, the testator is survived by Mrs. Horace Havemeyer and Mrs. Kingsland Macy of Islip.
TimesMachine: November 6, 1925 - NYTimes.com
DEBUTANTES PLAY AT SPINSTER SHOW
One Quartet Recalled to Sing and Dance Charleston Number — Others Applauded, Too.
A group of this season's debutantes making their first appearance in amateur theatricals, together with other girls who have taken part in charitable entertainments of seasons past, provided a lively entertainment program for the first of a series of dances arranged by the Spinsters, an organization of alumnae of the Spence School, at the Park Lane last night. Particularly successful were the Misses Katharine Jordan, Noel Chatillon, Marion Gould and Katharine K. Tod, who sang about doing the "Charleston Back to Charleston, Carolina," and then proceeded to do intricate charleston steps, which the audience demanded that they repeat. A chant of "Hey! Hey!" from the groups at the tables augmented the orchestral accompaniment throughout the dance.
Miss May Leslie staged the entertainment. Arrangements for the entertainment and dance were planned and carried out personally by Miss Lois McCall.
Another number which was enthusiastically applauded was the "Mauve Blues," sung by William Fish and danced by the Misses Frances Patten, Aileen Tobin, dorothy Haemeyer, Frances Masury, Eleanor Bronaugh, Patricia Mallinson, Margaret Abell and Nancy Watson.
Miss Jean Banks and Frank B. Jordan Jr. were called upon to repeat their tango dance, and Richard McDonough who played the banjo, was recalled several times.
Amon those at the tables were Mrs. Robert E. Tod, Mrs. Harold H. Jacocks, Mrs. Roswell Bates, Mrs. George E. Chatillon, Mrs. Winchester Finch, Mrs. William R. Willcox, Mrs. Andre Mertzanoff, Mrs. John Chapman McCall, and Misses Edyth and Freances McCoon, Marjorie Cleveland, Francis Masury and Janet Adamson.
Others were Mrs. and Mrs. Jean Jacques Bertschmann, Mr. and Mrs. David Banks, Mr. and Mrs. Edwin H. Herzog, Mr. and Mrs. Harold F. Gibson, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Copley Thaw, Viscount and Viscountess de Fries, Mr. and Mrs. William Curtis Demorest, Miss Natalie Hanna, Miss Elisabeth Bull and Miss Adele Kelley.
1926
TimesMachine: January 27, 1926 - NYTimes.com
PALM BEACH CLUB IN TIFF OVER 'FOLLIES'
Private Performance Given by Ziegfeld Backer Stirs Members of Montmartre.
PALM BEACH, Fla., Jan. 26. — Florenz Ziegfeld's attempt to give Palm Beach a "Follies" show of its own is threatened by dissension in the Club de Montmarte, which is backing the enterprise. Associated with Mr. Ziegfeld are Paris Singer and Anthony J. Drexel Biddle Jr.
Last Sunday night Mr. Singer gave a private performance, to which he invited only his personal friends. Many members of the club who had paid their $200 membership fees at the beginning of the season became incensed and are now threatening to demand an accounting of the club's funds. They charge that it is being run on social lines rather than on business lines.
One member declared that on the club's opening night it cost him $320 to take a party of fie friends there, and he was forced to sit so far back that he could hardly see the performers, while friends of Mr. Singer, who were not members of the club, occupied front seats.
TimesMachine: February 7, 1926 - NYTimes.com
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1926/02/07/100047973.pdf
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1926/02/07/100047973.html?pageNumber=6
MRS. BERLIN WRITES ON THE CHARLESTON
Former Ellin Mackay Says Step Has Captured Fifth Avenue, Which Strives to Learn It.
HAILS PRESTIGE OF CHORUS
Society Acquiring Respect for the Dancing Girls, She Asserts, By Trying to Rival Them
The "Hey! Hey!" of the Charleston has captured Fifth Avenue, and with the victory has taught the "ladies of the avenue" a "very real respect for the chorus girl."
So says Ellin Mackay, wife of Irving Berlin and daughter of Clarence H. Mackay, in an article in the forthcoming issue of the magazine Vogue.
The conquest has brought things to such a pass, she writes, that "the westbound streets are clogged with smart motors bearing ladies to the Broadway dance emporiums" to learn the dance. "Some go anonymously in taxis; these are the ladies who plan to say nothing o their studies until they can startle the world with their proficiency."
"Incidentally," she continues, "these ladies, whatever their reason for their studies, are learning more than the Charleston at their dance lessons. Among other things they are acquiring a very real respect for the chorus girl. Anyone who has studied the Charleston, who has undergone the strenuous process of 'stretching and limbering' before being permitted to learn a single step, will never again be able to what with placid, matter-of-fact acceptance the skillful dancing o the chorus in the musical shows. Nor will students of the Charleston ever again receive with blind faith tales of chorus girls leading idle lives of sable-coated luxury.
Find Dancing Hard Work.
"To study the Charleston is to discover how much hard work professional dancing involves, and that only those ladies of the chorus who are permanently out of a job could possibly find time for the lurid activities with which they are supposed to occupy their days and nights."
And not alone do Fifth Avenue ladies go westward for instruction, the writer explains, but teachers from Broadway go East to hold classes in "ballrooms that were built in the days of cotillions, ballrooms where even now the saxophone sounds ill-bred and the fox trot sacrilegious."
But now these stately ballrooms, she says, "resound to the raucous, broken beat of the Charleston."
But despite all the lessons, she goes on "there are more good talkers about the Charleston than good dancers" along Fifth Avenue. This, however, has been a blessing in itself, she declares. "As a subject of conversation the Charleston has been a blessing to many a heavy dinner party. It is a subject on which most people's views are inexhaustible."
In the ballrooms of Fifth Avenue, she says, the visitor from France, the most eager talker about the Charleston, "will find lessons in the afternoon and a few experts in the evening, but he will not find yet what he had hoped for - a ball with every couple madly, fantastically doing the Charleston." The place to go for that sight is the cabaret, she asserts.
Society Training Harlem.
Fifth Avenue has a way of creating a fashion and then dropping it as soon as the "outlying districts have made it popular," she writes; but in this instance, Fifth Avenue "is following breathlessly in the dust at the tail-end of the parade," which came from Harlem by way of Broadway.
And Fifth Avenue is afraid, she goes on, that this time when Fifth Avenue has galloped to the head of the parade, Broadway will take the initiative and relegate the Charleston to "the limbo where lie rainbow-colored shoes, chrysanthemum bobs, broken Maj Jong, tiles and other faded fads and fancies."
Because of this fear, she writes, "through all of this talk about the Charleston there runs a note of anxiety," along Fifth Avenue. "Those who have struggled so hard are wondering whether the vogue for the Charleston will outlast the time it takes them to learn it. When they are at last proficient will the Charleston be gone?"
Among the performers themselves there is dissatisfaction. Since the opening night with its "billion dollar audience," they complain, there has not been a really good house, and this despite the fact that showmen here declare the "Palm Beach Nights" as good as any "Follies" ever staged in New York.
Messrs. Singer and Biddle have guaranteed the show $100,000 for ten weeks. Members of the club declare that because of the manner in which it is being conducted a large deficit is certain, whereas under more liberal management the show would easily support itself.
Miss Waldo Gives a Luncheon.
Miss Margaret L. Waldo gave a luncheon yesterday at Pierre's. Her luncheon guests included the Countess de Rodellec du Porzic, Mrs. Alfred Seton, Mrs. N. Thayer Robb, Mrs. Grenville Kane, Mrs. Charles Coster, Mrs. William M. V. Hoffman, Mrs. H. an Rensselaer Kennedy, Miss Gertrude Gilbert and Miss A. Leontine Rodewald.
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1926/02/24/100052699.html?pageNumber=24
A CHARLESTON "CRAZE."
Even Sedate Society Folk Learning the Step at Palm Beach.
PALM BEACH, FLA. Feb. 23 - Palm Beach is in the throes of the Charleston. Even sedate society folk are flocking to dancing teachers to learn the steps. Among those taking lessons here are Mr. and Mrs. Joshua S. Cosden, Mrs. Louis G. Kaufman, Mrs. William K. Dick, Mrs. Theodore Frelinghuysen, Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Hutton, Countess Salm, Mr. and Mrs. J. J. O'Brien, Billie Burke, Harold Vanderbilt, Mrs. A. J. Drexel Jr. and Major and Mrs. Barclay Warburton.
Under tutelage of "Lucky" Roberts, negro Charleston exponent, society is attaining considerable skill. The Charleston is now being danced with as much regularity as the fox trot at the Everglades Club and other clubs.
TimesMachine: February 26, 1926 - NYTimes.com
EVERGLADES BALL A GORGEOUS EVENT
Costume Dance Excels All Previous Efforts of Famous Palm Beach Club. MANY BIG DINNER PARTIES Mrs. Hutton Appears as "Starry Night" and Mrs. Gerard as a "Poor Little Rich Girl."
PALM BEACH, Fla., Feb. 25. — The Everglades Club costume ball, always the most spectacular affair of the season, this year surpassed its own record. Hundreds of members and their guests dined at the club this evening before the ball and several of the large parties were entertained at the homes of the hostesses, going later to the club and remaining there for supper.
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Mrs. W. K. Dick's Party.
Mrs. William K. Dick had in her party the Duke and Duchess de Pourtales, Mrs. William Harriman, Miss Phyllis Walsh, Oliver G. Jennings, Adolph M. Dick and Captain Francesco Guardabassi.
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https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/02/25/101438051.html?pageNumber=16
PALM BEACH SCENE OF MANY PARTIES
Mr. and Mrs. J. Ledlie Hees Give a Tea at Their Villa for 100 Guests. DINNER DANCE ON A VESSEL Mrs. Deering Engages the Amphitrite, Floating Hotel, for Party to Princess Rospigliosl.
PALM BEACH, Fla., Feb. 24. — Mr. and Mrs. J. Leslie Hees gave a tea today at their home for their guests, Captain and Mrs. Adolphus Helwig, who arrived from New York on Tuesday and will go to Paris by way of Havana. An orchestra entertained the guests and played for dancing.
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Party on the Amphitrite.
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The floating hotel, Amphitrite, was engaged by Mrs. James Deering for a party in honor of Princess Rospigilosi. More than one hundred guests attended a dinner-dance in the dining salon and later were entertained on the top deck by Lucky Roberts.
Among Mrs. Deering guests... not included WK Dick in list but many friends were there
https://www.newspapers.com/image/411067455
Daily News (New York, New York) · Tue, Apr 20, 1926 · Page 3
DAT'S MA BABY!
CHARLESTONERS CRY IN PARK AVE.
By Grace Robinson
"Hey, hey, Charleston!"
"Yas, sah, dat's ma baby - no sah, don't mean maybe"
No, you are not in darkest Harlem, Just in Park ave., New York's center of social registered aristocracy, where the elite are having their daily Charleston lesson.
If the dulcet strains of "Magnolia," which afford the very best Charlestoning, float out of exclusive $40,000-a-year Fifth ave. apartments as you rattle by in a bus, you may know that Lucky Roberts and Paul Bass are still earning gin and baby shoes.
These two popular teachers have just returned from Palm Beach, where they instructed the entire Social Register crowd in the athletic measures of the colored dance. Lucky is an amazing personage with gleaming teeth and ebony skin. Paul is a high yaller boy.
Lessons Continued Here.
Instead of relaxing their enthusiasm after leaving the rejuvenating influence of the Florida sun, several socially prominent matrons are continuing their athletic dancing with Lucky and Paul. Among these are Mrs. William K. Dick, formerly Mrs. John Jacob Astor; Mrs. Louis G. Kaufman, whose husband is president of the Chatham and Phoenix bank, and Mrs. Dave McCullough, a fashionable resident of Plandome, L. I.
"Mrs. Kaufman - she's mah best pupil," said Lucky.
So proficient is Lucky's newly discovered star that she is now learning all the thirty original Charleston steps with their 1,000 variations.
Mrs. Kaufman is entirely conversant with that mysterious and difficult point in the dance known as "falling off the log and tap." The camel walk, the Charleston kick, and the scissors step, which is a gymnastic feat in itself, hold no terrors for her.
Many Palm Beachites did their Charlestoning in bathing suits after the morning dip, says Lucky. This costume afforded freedom of movement. Countess Salm was an apt pupil.
"Mrs. W. K. Vanderbilt 2d had us to dance at her parties," said Lucky yesterday. "After Paul and me strutted our stuff, Missis Vanderbilt would line up her friends for their Charleston lesson.
They Droop Their Knees.
"Follow me closely, folks," says Paul, and all the ladies and gemmum would try. "Droop your knees," says Paul, and then they knocked their kneebones together, almost as well as Paul or I could do it."
Others in Lucky's Social Register group included Mrs. Frederick Frelinghuysen, Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Hutton, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Breese, Mrs. Ernest Gagne, Rodman Wanamaker, Mr. and Mrs. Joshua S. Cosden, Mr. and Mrs. Florenz Ziegfeld, Paris Singer, Mrs. Edward Shearson, Mrs. Gurne Munn and Marilyn Miller.
"It takes a lot of patience to teach these here society folks," admits Lucky. "But once they git the swing of it, there's no stoppin' 'em."
TimesMachine: March 7, 1926 - NYTimes.com
PALM BEACH STIRRED BY SOCIAL RIVALRY
Mrs. Satterwhite Is Considered Latest Aspirant to Leadership of Colony.
PALM BEACH, Fla., March 6. — Society here has watched with keen interest the contest for social preeminence this season. In previous years Mrs. Edward T. Stotesbury was regarded by many as the leader.
After the visit of the Prince of Wales to America, during which he spent much of his time as the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Joshua S. Cosden, the Cosden's palatial home in North Ocean Boulevard, opened for the first time last season, became a centre of great social activity. Not only did they bring to Palm Beach as their guests the Astors and Vanderbilts, but also invited to their home writers and artists of note who visited the resort. Within a short time the new Cosden salon had gained wide recognition and the title of social leader of Palm Beach was given by many to Mrs. Cosden.
A new aspirant entered the field this season in the person of Mrs. Preston Pope Satterwhite. After the Cosdens, a few weeks ago, gave a dinner, at which all of the fruit served was gilded, Mrs. Satterwhite is said to have given a dinner at which the fruit was painted in silver.
The Cosdens and the Satterwhites and Mrs. Stotesbury this season have entertained many artistic persons of note. In preious years theatrical folk seldom were found at El Mirasol the Stotesbury villa, but many of them have gone there this season for tea or luncheon.
TimesMachine: March 9, 1926 - NYTimes.com
TimesMachine: March 9, 1926 - NYTimes.com
SOCIETY GIRLS RAISE $60,000 IN A SHOW
Palm Beach Colony Turns Out En Masse to Aid Fund for Hospital.
CHORUS OFTEN OUT OF STEP
Miss Oelrichs in Charleston and Mrs. Hyde and Mrs. Doubleday in Waltz Make Hits.
PALM BEACH, Fla., March 8. — Before a "billion dollar audience," a group of prominent society women danced in the chorus of Florenz Ziegfeld's "Palm Beach Nights" at the Club de Montematre tonight and earned between $60,000 and $70,000 for the Good Samaritan Hospital in West Palm Beach.
The benefit was arranged by a committee headed by Mrs. Gurnee Munn of Philadelphia. The show was "donated" for the evening by Florenz Ziegfeld and Anthony . Drexel Biddle r. Front tables sold for $1000 each and other ranged in price from $100 to $500. Mr. Biddle also gave $2500 to the fund and bought a $1000 table. Otto Kahn also bought a table and gave it back to the committee to be resold.
Wherein Society Girls Failed.
Society turned out en masse to see the substitute chorus. They found it somewhat disappointing, for, despite a week of painstaking rehearsals under the personal supervision of Mr. Ziegfeld, most of the society chorus girls were unable to keep step with the music. They exhibited signs of great nervousness, and frequently upset the order of the dance when some member of the chorus failed to remember which way to turn. One of the few regular chorus girls in line generally saved the situation by leading her society companion around by the hand.
But there were some society women who proved themselves good actresses. Miss Marjorie Oelrichs of New York made a big hit in the Charleston number, and Mrs. William J. Hyde and Mrs. Felix Doubleday won great applause in the waltz number.
The Hit of the Evening.
The biggest hit of the evening however, was a Charleston performed by an eight-year-old negro boy and his five-year-old sister. They were Robert and Farina Wheeler of Washington.
The sight of the diminutive negroes in full dress dancing in perfect time to the music caused society to forget its dignity. The clubhouse virtually shook with laughter, and the clatter of wooden hammers beating applause upon the tables was deafening.
Even the show girls who sat about watching their dances performed by society women forgot the moment their injured feelings at being ousted and joined heartily in the applause.
Among the society women in the chorus were Mrs. William J. Hyde, Mrs. Julian Gerard, Miss Poppy Baring, Mrs. Jack Rutherfurd, Mrs. Crawford Hill, Mrs. E. Clarence Jones, Miss Liza Morris, Miss Joan Kaufman, Mrs. Laurence Doyle, Mrs. Anderson Dana, Lady Loughborough, Mrs. King Perrin, Mrs. J. H. Carpenter Jr., Mrs. Alan G. Wellman, Mrs. Felix Doubleday, Mrs. Mrs. Harold Talbot Jr., Mrs. Frederick Frelinghuysen, Mrs. Malcom Meacham and Mrs. Edward F. Hutton.. Mrs. Meacham also appeared as the Goddess of Feathers in the same costume in which she won first prize recently at the annual costume ball of the Everglades Club.
An interesting event was a Charleston contest in which Miss Virginia Whitehead, Miss Lucia Chase, and Miss Marjorie Oelrichs competed.
Surprise After Surprise
The first surprise of the evening was introduced when Edward F. Hutton appeared as a wheel-chair man, pushing the pedals behind the chair in which Harry Fender lounged as he sang "I Want a Girl to Call My Own." Six "girls" appeared. They proved to be Mrs. Anderson Dana as Miami, Mrs. Gurnee Munn as Philadelphia, Mrs. Edward F. Hutton as New York, Miss Marjorie Oelrichs as Charleston, and Mrs. William J. Hyde as Palm Beach. A gasp by the audience followed by a burst of applause, greeted each one as she appeared.
(side note: https://secondhandsongs.com/work/239269/all)
The balloon number, "No Foolin'" was sung by Polly Walker, assisted by Mrs. Julian Gerard, Miss Lisa Norris, Mrs. William J. Hyde, Mrs. John M. L. Rutherford, Miss Joan Kaufman, Lady Loughborough, Mrs. Felix Doubleday, Mrs. Malcolm Meacham, Mrs. Allen G. Wellman, Mrs. King Perrin, Mrs. Frederick Frelinghuysen, Mrs. Harold Talbot Jr., the Honorable (Miss) Poppy Baring, Mrs. J. H. Carpenter Jr., Mrs. Crawford Hill, and Mrs. Lawrence Doyle. This was the jolliest number of the program, and every pop of a balloon as it burst caused the fair wearer of the balloon to jump as if in terror.
Paris Singer, President of the club, paid $2000 for the only box. Front row tables at $1000 each were taken by Mrs. and Mrs. Gurnee Munn, Harold S. Vanderbilt, Rodman Wanamaker 2d, Mr. and Mrs. Jesse L. Livermore, Mr. and Mrs. John F. Harris, Colonel and Mrs. Thomas E. Murphy, Mr. and Mrs. James P. Donahue, Mr. and Mrs. Earle P. Carlton, Mrs. William Randolph Hearst, Mrs. and Mrs. Louis G. Kaufman, Mr. and Mrs. Anthony J. Drexel Biddle Jr.,, Mrs. Henry R. Rea, Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Hutton, Mrs. and Mrs. John C. King, Herbert Pulitzer, Mr. and Mrs. Henry C. Phipps, and Alfred H. Wagg. Tables at $1000 subscribe for by Otto H. Kahn. George H. McFadden and Mrs. E. Hope Slater were resold, netting the hospital $3000 extra.
These Had Tables Up to $500
Among other who had reserved tables at prices ranging from $50 to $500 were Mrs. William K. Dick, Mr. and Mrs. Jay F. Carlisle, Dr. and Mrs. Maitland Alexander, Atwater Kent, Mrs. Theodore Schultze, Mrs. Henry M. Tilford, Dr. and Mrs. John A. Vietor, Mr. and Mrs. Malcom Meacham, former Ambassador James W. Gerard, former Ambassador Alexander P. Moore, Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth B. Van Riper, Colonel and Mrs. Samuel D. Lit, Dr. and Mrs. Willey Lyon Kingsley, Captain John Wanamaker Jr., Mr. and Mrs. Pierre L. Barbey, Mr. and Mrs. William J. Hyde, Mr. and Mrs. Russell C. Love, James R. Hyde, Mr. and Mrs. Edward Shearson, Addison Mizner, Jules S. Bache, Edward Dale, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Urban and Mr. and Mrs. Gerhard M. Dahl.
Also Senator Henry Lippitt, Mr. and Mrs. Dewees Dilworth, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence C. Fuller, Lytle Hull, Countess Millicent Salm, Alphonso de Navarro, Mrs. Irving Hall Chase, Mr. and Mrs. Harold Fitzgerald, Mrs. Arthur B. Claflin, Colonel James Elverson Jr. , Mr. and Mrs. George H. Nicolai, Mr. and Mrs. Jackson Crispin, Mrs. W. Harry Brown, Colonel E. R. Bradley, Mr. and Mrs. J. Watson Webb, Mr. and Mrs. Christopher F. Smiters, Mr. and Mrs. W. Earl Dodge, Mr. and Mrs. John N. Wyllys, Mr. and Mrs. Jules Bruguieres, Mr. and Mrs. Henry G. Hazkell, Julian R. Sloan and Mr. and Mrs. Frederick S. Fish.
TimesMachine: March 15, 1926 - NYTimes.com
DR. STRATON BERATES PALM BEACH SOCIETY
Denounces Dancing of Charleston in a Theatre Benefit for a Local Hospital.
PALM BEACH, Fla., March 14. — A congratulatory editorial in a local newspaper addressed to the "social leaders who graciously unhinged their knees at the Club De Montmartre last Monday night to Charleston for charity," furnished the subject of a violent attack on society and the theatre here tonight by the Rev. Dr. John Roach Straton, pastor of Calvary Baptist Church in New York.
The occasion was a benefit performance of Florenz Zeigfeld's "Palm Beach Nights" in which society women took the places of the Follies girls. More than $100,000 was raised for the Good Samaritan Hospital in West Palm Beach.
"Modern Society," Dr. Straton said, "has gotten so jazzy and woozy and so dependent on the feet instead of on the head and so helpless without dancing masters and bootleggers that the transformation is tragic and terrible.
"The fact that the final rehearsals for this charity performance were held on the Lord's day should have been enough in itself to condemn the performance in the eyes of all true Christian people."
He charged that art has been prostituted to profit in the playhouse and said:
"The taproot of the modern theatre is money lust, and therefore the tree and its fruitage cannot fail to be vile. You cannot reform a rattlesnake; you cannot purify a polecat; you cannot denature a smallpox epidemic. The more you improve these inherently bad things, the more you strengthen them.
"What shall we say then, my friends, of the church people, the business men and the social leaders of today who are foolish enough to imagine that they are really helping by their so-called 'charity stunts' given in connection with these lewd and ruinous forces? Well, we can only say that they are foolish beyond the power of words to describe. The silly doings and the increasing lawlessness of the so-called high social set' in America in recent years is causing not only growing criticism and even contempt among the masses of the people but it is causing grave distress to many thoughtful minds."
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1926/12/10/118878711.html?pageNumber=30
ZIEGFELD THEATRE'S CORNERSTONE LAID
Will Rogers Acts as Master of Ceremonies — 1,500 at the Exercises.
The cornerstone of the new Ziegfeld Theatre, Sixth Avenue and Fifty-fourth Street, which will be opened in January, was laid yesterday afternoon. Will Rogers was master of ceremonies and Vincent Lopez and his orchestra provided music. The cornerstone was cemented in place by Patricia Burke Ziegfeld, the theatrical manager's young daughter.
https://youtu.be/vf9TIwvo8KU?t=295 Why Ziegfeld Follies was Much More than Just a Dance Show?
https://youtu.be/vf9TIwvo8KU?t=358
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vf9TIwvo8KU
https://youtu.be/24KXDoLR2ek?t=1730
TimesMachine: June 29, 1926 - NYTimes.com
CHARLESTON SPLITS DANCING TEACHERS
Some at Session Say It Is as Good as Dead, While Others Find It in Infancy. ORIGIN SEEN IN FRANCE Staats, Paris Ballet Master, Thinks Step Shows Influences 200 Years Old — Lauds Our Dancing.
The future of the Charleston is decidedly uncertain if the opinions of the members of the American Society of Dancing Teachers carry weight. The society is holding its forty-eighth annual convention this week at the Waldorf and delegates from all parts of the country are in attendance.
FIND THE CHARLESTON AS POPULAR AS EVER
Dancing Teachers Introduce a New Step, Modifying the Famous Version.
At the second session of the annual convention of the American Society of Teachers of Dancing at the Waldorf yesterday the "pro's" became articulate in behalf of the Charleston and much of the day was devoted to new steps. Dorothy Norman Cropper from the floor expressed her disdain for those who scorned the Charleston.
"I cannot ignore the statements that some of us have condemned the Charleston," she said. "In my experience here in New York I have not had a week in more than the last year and a half when I have not had a call for instruction in dancing the Charleston. It is as popular as ever, I find."
Then she demonstrated her conception of some of the steps of the modified Charleston, as did Miss Rose I. Byrne, Miss Rosetta O'Neill and Adolph Newberger. The latter called his dance the Savannah.
In order to further to study the public taste the directors of the convention have a demonstration of Valencia number from "Great Temptations," the Winter Garden Revue, on the roof of the Waldorf this afternoon. The Valencia is said to be the model modified Charleston.
Dancing as a health measure was advocated by Betty Gould of Cincinnati, Ohio, who gave a demonstration of calisthenics and acrobatic gymnastic which she uses with her pupils, who range in age from 3 1/2 to 40 years. Leo Staats, ballet master of the Paris Opera, gave a gavotte, a dance dating from the period of Louis XIV. Today being the 150th anniversary of the presentation of the Declaration of Independence to the First Congress by Thomas Jefferson, the dance was unanimously designated the Thomas Jefferson Gavotte. The delegates will attend the annual dinner tonight at the Waldorf.
DIFFER ON CHARLESTON AS A 'VULGAR' DANCE
Wayburn Insists It Isn't, but Other Teachers Offer Step to Replace It.
Whether or not the Charleston is "vulgar" was the subject of spirited discussion at yesterday's session of the United Dancing Masters of America at the Waldorf. Some of the dancing masters who think it is offered new dances to replace it, but Ned Wayburn rose to its defense as a "permanent American creation."
"The Charleston is an outgrowth of the restlessness which followed the war," said Mr. Wayburn, "but it has something basic in it. The real Charleston is not vulgar. It is the most moral sort of dance, since the dancers have to stand from four to six inches apart in its performance. It is also possible to enjoy it as a solo dance. There are 400 versions of the Charleston already."
Arthur Kretlow of Chicago took the opposite view, although he expressed the conviction that there was a strong new tendency in dancing and that the "Rhapsody in Blue" of George Gershwin had done much to foster a change.
The age of supersyncopation is at hand, Mr. Kretlow said.
"The grouped beats, with three rhythms on the first and four on the next, will naturally bring about new steps," he continued. "Although they will be pronounced difficult and will ahve to undergo a certain readjustment, the steps that grow out of the new rhythm will surely be popular."
Three variations of the Valencia were introduced during the day by Oscar L. Duryea, President of the organization; Miss Edna R. Passapae of Newark and Thomas Sheehy of Chicago. Benjamin Lovett, Henry Ford's dancing teacher for folk dances, gae a program, including a minuet waltz, the heel-and-toe polka and other old-time favorites, preparatory to the "Henry Ford Night" program in the grand ballroom tonight. The automobile manufacturer and his wife are expected.
1927
Debutantes Will Take Part in the Program, for Which a Series of Diversions Has Been Arranged -- Dancing Contests Are Included
AMONG the many events of this month which will appeal to those interested in charitable affairs will be the Russian ball, to be held at the Ritz-Carlton on the night of Jan. 10. The proceeds will be employed to aid the Russian Church Assistance Fund, organized a year ago to help the Russian Church of America. Since the World War there have been no funds for Russians in this city to sustain their church here, which before that period received aid from the Russian Imperial Government.
As there are numerous intermarriages between Americans and Russians, aid can be counted on from members of New York society. Mrs. William B. Leeds, the former Princess Xenia, and Princess Serge Obolensky, who before her marriage was Miss Alice Astor, have been enlisting many friends in the project, which already promises a financial as well as social success.
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https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/02/03/118639309.html?pageNumber=18
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/02/03/118639309.pdf
Notables in Audience at "Rio Rita."
In the large audience at the opening of the new Ziegfeld Theatre were Mr. and Mrs. Douglas Gibbons and Mrs. William K. Dick. who were with Mr. and Mrs. Florenz Ziegfeld. Others were Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Markoe Robertson, Alexander P. Moore, former American Ambassador to Spain; Mr. and Mrs. Le Rov W. Baldwin, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Gouverneur Morris. Otto H. Kahn, Mr. and Mrs. William H. Woodin, Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Pulitzer, Frazier Jelke, Ivy L. Lee, James A. Blair Jr., Mrs. William K. Vanderbilt 2d, Mr. and Mrs. Messmore Kendall, Mr. and Mrs. Percy Straus, Caleb Bragg, Bernard Murray, Mr. and Mrs. Julian Gerard, Mr. and Mrs. Elbert H. Gary, James Speyer. Thomas L. Johnson, John Charles Thomas and Edwin M. McIlvaine.
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/02/03/118639314.pdf
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/02/03/118639314.html?pageNumber=18
THE PLAY
"Rio Rita" Riot.
After a sufficient number of by-standers had been jostled along by the police, and a sufficient number of flash-light bombs had been touched off, and a sufficient number of necks had been twisted out of joint in an excited search for celebrities in the audience, Mr. Ziegfeld managed to pull back the curtains for "Rio Rita" last evening as the first production in his smart new theatre.
THE PLAY
By J. BROOKS ATKINSON.
RIO RITA. a musical comedy In two acts
Book by Guy Bolton and Fred Thompson
and music and lyrics by Harry Tierney and Joseph McCarthy.
Settings by Joseph Urban;
Book staged by John Harwood;
Costumes designed by John W. Harkrider;
Staged and produced by Florenz Ziegfeld.
At the Ziegfeld Theatre, Sixth Avenue at Fifty-fourth Street.
Padrone ... Juan Villasana
Reporter ... Al Clair
Roberto Ferguson ... George J3axter
Carmen ... Helen C. Clive
Ed Lovett ... Robert Woolsey
Grim Gomez ... Fred Dalton
General Enrique Joseltto Esteban ... Vincent Serrano
Raquel ... Gladys Glad
Conchita ... Marlon Benda
Juanita ... Dorothy Wegman
Lolita ... Peggy Blake
Beppo ... Kay English
Rio Rita ... Ethelind Terry
Chick Bean ... Bert Wheeler
Dolly ... Ada-May
Jim ... J. Harold Murray
Sergeant McGinn ... Harry Ratclirre
Sergeant Wilkins ... Donald Douglas
Davalos ... Alf P. James
Escamillo ... Pedro Rubin
Herminia ... Collette
Katie Bean ... Noel Frands
Montezuma's Daughter ... Katherine Burke (Note: no relation to Billie Burke -
A Gallery of Ziegfeld Girls (musicals101.com))
After a. sufficient number of by-standers had been jostled along by the police, and a. sufficient number of flashlight bombs had been touched off and a sufficient number of necks had. been twisted out of joint in an excited search for celebrities in the audience. Mr. Ziegfeld managed to pull back the curtains for "Rio Rita" last evening as the first production in his smart new theatre. The playhouse and the musical comedy provided a thoroughly enjoyable evening. In decorative showmanship Mr. Ziegfeld is the master of style "Rio Rita" breaks no fresh trail into the hinterland of musical comedy; the book is common-place enough and the humor will never hold both its sides with laughter. But for sheer extravagance of beauty, animated and rhythmic, "Rio Rita" has no rival among its contemporaries.
Much has been written about Mr. Urban's egg-shell design for the new theatre, and how low "gags" have been exchanged among the Broadway ,cognoscenti "gags" of a deprecatory nature. "Departing from the usual custom," says a program note, "of erecting a theatre without regard to the kind or form of amusement that may happen to find its way within its walls, the Ziegfeld Theatre has been conceived for a definite purpose-a theatre to house the lighter forms of dramatic entertainment, opera comique and musical comedies and revues." For the wall and ceiling decorations of this elliptical playhouse Mr. Urban has unfolded one of the most extravagant and bizarre cycloramas of imaginative designing to be found this side of fairyland.
It is not only splendid but appropriate. According to Socrates (who, of course, is dead) beauty is perfection in usefulness. By the terms of that Athenian definition. the Ziegfeld Theatre Is the divination of beauty in playhouses: for it fits the type of entertainment Mr. Ziegfeld 'Proposes to foster there like the proverbial glove.
Indeed. it sets a standard. Mr. Ziegfeld must take care lest his productions on the stage prove inferior to the sweep of carnival beauty on the walls of his theatre.
If you are interested in the plot of "Rio Rita," you have a detective's job on your hands. Down in Mexico-land. where oil leases keep the Statesmen up all night, a certain bad man dubbed the Kinkajou had been up to something or other. Until 11 o'clock when the present reporter departed this Mexican life, the bold villainies of the two-gun daredevil had not been clearly established.
But that had not prevented inordinately beautiful dancing girls, or gringo cabaret girls, or Albertina Rasch dancers, or South-American troubadours or, for the matter, the original Central American Marimba Band (Nicaraguan hostages, perhaps?) from spinning across the stage, stamping their chic feet in unison or singing in chorus on any number of hot-blooded themes. In the most lustrous costumes silver sombreros, blood-red shirts, fluffy ballet stuffs, embroidered velvet waistcoats they whirled in squads. one on the heels of another, until the stage was as furious in its design as the wall decorations.
Meanwhile. Mr. Urban's scene portraits had painted the limitless space of Mexican outdoors and the evening warmth of a patio; and fine tapestries had masked the stage during the scene changes. The hippodromic proportions of "Rio Rita," splashed with bold brushfuls of color, were a feast to the eye.
Like the costuming, the casting in the best of taste. As Rita (with whom life is '"sweeta") Miss Terry sings of sweethearts or love or any other appropriate subject in a good voice that is notably well trained. And Mr. Murray, his collar recklessly thrown open to display a manly throat, leads the Texas rangers in their Vagabond King" type of marching song. Miss May and Mr. Wheeler, equally adept in singing, "hoofing" and clowning, give a light touch to· the production. For it is Miss May, in her topical jingles, who whispers the secrets of night-club closing, and concludes, for those who are in touch with the important news of the day, that one Browning "may be up a tree, but he can't shake Peaches down."
As a smart-Alec lawyer, Mr. Woolsey refuses to give into his animal passions by smoking Camels and generally conducts himself in that inoffensively droll fashion. According to the late tidings by special courier, Miss Francis, Miss May, Mr. Wheeler and Mr. Woolsey contribute one uncommonly amusing knockabout comedy skit late in the program.
Thus "Rio Rita" packs the evening with lavish beauty-with beauty in detail as well as in general impression.
Like a good architect, Mr. Ziegfeld looks to the soundness of his foundation before he starts piercing the clouds with super-structure. As the production is repeated it will no doubt settle down and cohere and move with greater speed than on its premiere.
Mr. Ziegfeld, no less than his patrons, was in a holiday mood last evening. Telegrammed to death with felicitations, he weakly displayed messages from President Coolidge, Mayor Walker and Eddie Cantor as evidence of the democracy of his friendships.
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1937/02/21/118956727.html?pageNumber=74
411 Boxes Sold for Opera to Aid Milk Fund
Junior Committee Helps in Arrangements
Mrs. Allan Ryan Jr., who heads the reservations committee, has announced that all of the boxes and many of the seats have been purchased for the performance of "Tristan und Isolde," with Kirsten Flagstad and Lauritz Melchior in the leading roles, Thursday afternoon at the Metropolitan Opera House for the benefit of the Free Milk Fund for Babies, Inc. Miss Katherine Blake is aiding the benefit as a member of the junior committee.
photo
Mrs. Allan Ryan
Boxholders for the performance include ... <snip> William K. Dick <snip>
TimesMachine: July 10, 1927 - NYTimes.com
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/02/25/101438051.html?pageNumber=16
PALM BEACH SCENE OF MANY PARTIES
Mr. and Mrs. J. Ledlie Hees Give a Tea at Their Villa for 100 Guests. DINNER DANCE ON A VESSEL Mrs. Deering Engages the Amphitrite, Floating Hotel, for Party to Princess Rospigliosl.
PALM BEACH, Fla., Feb. 24. — Mr. and Mrs. J. Leslie Hees gave a tea today at their home for their guests, Captain and Mrs. Adolphus Helwig, who arrived from New York on Tuesday and will go to Paris by way of Havana. An orchestra entertained the guests and played for dancing.
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Party on the Amphitrite.
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The floating hotel, Amphitrite, was engaged by Mrs. James Deering for a party in honor of Princess Rospigilosi. More than one hundred guests attended a dinner-dance in the dining salon and later were entertained on the top deck by Lucky Roberts.
Among Mrs. Deering guests... not included WK Dick in list but many friends were there
1927 November 6 (New York Times, 1927)
NYT article: ‘Mr. and Mrs. William K. Dick of New York entertained at dinner Mr. and Mrs. Henry M. Polhemus of New York and Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Cooke off Honolulu.
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/11/07/101699247.html?pageNumber=19
1927 November 7
MANY ENTERTAIN AT HOT SPRINGS
New York Well Represented at Week-End Dinner and Luncheon Parties. GAY COLONY AT THE RESORT Mrs. Charles Kohler, Mrs. William K. Dick and Baroness Rosenkrantz Among the Hostesses.
HOT SPRINGS, Va., Nov. 6. -Many dinners and luncheons marked the week-end. Mrs. Charles Kohler of New York gave a dinner at the Homestead for her nephew, John T. Gibson, and Mrs. Gibson. She also gave a luncheon for them at Fassifern Farm.
Mr. and Mrs. WKD of New York entertained at dinner Mr. and Mrs. Henry M. Polhemus of New York and Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Cooke of Honolulu.
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1929
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1929/03/18/95744484.html?pageNumber=22
Flower Sale to Aid Hospital.
Members of the Social Service Committee o the Beekman Street Hospital will participate at a sale of Easter flowers at the Down Town House of Flowers, 55 Broadway, on March 26. A large percentage of the receipts will be turned over to the work of the committee, of which Miss Julia Berwind is president. Other officers and members who will act as saleswomen or patronesses include Mrs. Eugene Van Rensselaer Thayer, Mrs. Coleman B. McGovern, Mrs. I. Townsend Burden, Mrs. William K. Dick, Mrs. James B. Duke, Mrs. Goodhue Livingston Jr., Mrs. John Magee, Mrs. Rufus L. Patterson, Mrs. Frederic N. Watriss, Mrs. Charles R. Scott and Mrs. Harvey Dow Gibson.
TimesMachine: August 31, 1929 - NYTimes.com
DINNER DANCE GIVEN AT SOUTHAMPTON
Mrs. R.F. Adams and Mr. and Mrs. J.R. Duff Entertain at the Meadow Club.
W. K. DICKS ARE HOSTS
Harry Hamlins Have Birthday Supper Dance for Daughter at East Hampton Home.
SOUTHAMPTON, L.I., Aug. 30.— Mrs. Robert Franklin Adams and her son-in-law and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Jay Robinson Duff, gave a dinner dance and cabaret for the younger set tonight at the meadow Club. The clubhouse was decorated with yellow roses, simlax and ferns.
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Dancing after Dinner.
Dancing After Dinner.
Mr. and Mrs. William K. Dick gave a dinner tonight at their house on Dune Road. There was informal dancing after dinner. Among the guests were Mr. and Mrs. Goodhue Livingston, Mr. and Mrs. Rufus L. Patterson, Mr. and Mrs. Newell Tilton, Mr. and Mrs. Ed,vard P. Mellon, Donna Elsa Tortonia, Mr. and Mrs. Walter R. Tuckerman, Mr. and Mrs. Casimir de Rham, Mr. and Mrs. John Elliott, Mrs. William B. Scaife. Mr. and Mrs. Faber Downey Jr., Mr. and Mrs. John Sloane, Princes Rospigliosi, Mr. and Mrs. San1uel G. Rea, Mr. and Mrs. Hunter S. Marston. Mr. and Mrs. John T. Lawrence, Dr. Alfred Stillman, Morgan J. G. O'Brien, Adolph Dick, William Ryle. Seth French, Seymour Johnson, Mrs. William A. Rockefeller. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Howell, Mr. and Mrs. Neville Booker. Colonel and Mrs. Howard C. Dickinson. Mr. and Mrs. Edmund S. Twining. Mr. and Mrs. James T. Terry, Colonel and Mrs. Frank H. Phipps, Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Coulter, Mr. and Mrs. Courtlandt Nicoll, Mr. and Mrs. George F. Victor. Mrs. Char1cs Farnum. Lansing McVicker, Mr. and Mrs. Goodhue Livingston Jr., Mr. and Mrs. Walter N. Stillman, Mr. and Mrs. Jeremiah Millbank. Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth O'Brien, Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Thomas. Mr. and Mrs. Stanley G. Mortimer and Mr. and Mrs. Stuart Duncan Preston.
Others were Mr. and Mrs. Lyttleton Fox, Mr. and Mrs. Bayard Dominick Mr. and Mrs. A. Stewart Walker. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis S. Morris, Miss Ruth Stillman. Mr. and Mrs. Marshall Russell, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence B . Van Ingen, Mrs. Francis C. Bishop, William H. Hamilton. Theodore Schulze. Douglas L. Elliman, Morehead Patterson and Charles M. Connfelt.
1931
1931 July 2 – Mrs. J. Henry Dick dies (William K. Dick’s
mother)
‘ISLIP,
L.I., July 2.—Mrs. Julia T. Mollenhauer Dick, society leader and
philanthropist, dies here today at her home in Ocean Avenue of a heart attack.
Four weeks ago she fractured a hip by a fall in her home. She was in her
sixty-ninth year.’ (New York Times, 1931)
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1931/07/03/96203157.html?pageNumber=14
MRS. J. HENRY DICK, PHILANTHROPIST, DEAD
Broke Hip Recently—Daughter of John Mollenhauer, Pioneer Sugar Refiner.
ISLIP, L.I., July 2.—Mrs. Julia T. Mollenhauer Dick, society leader and philanthropist, dies here today at her home in Ocean Avenue of a heart attack. Four weeks ago she fractured a hip by a fall in her home. She was in her sixty-ninth year.
Mrs. Dick, who was the widow of J. Henry Dick; sugar refiner, was born in Brooklyn, and had a residence here for forty-five years. She also had an apartment at 920 Fifth Avenue, Manhattan. Her father, John Mollenhauer and her husband's father, William Dick, came to this country from Germany at about the same time that Carl Schurz came because of political turmoil.
William Dick and Mr. Mollenhauer separately laid the foundations of the sugar refining industry which their descendants developed to great magnitude. Mrs. Dick's brother, the late J. Adolph Mollenhauer, married J. Henry Dick's sister.
Mrs. Dick's husband was prominently identified with Long Island real estate as well as with the sugar industry. He early realized its residential possibilities and with the late Cord Meyer organized the Citizens' Water Supply Company and the Cord-Meyer Development Company.
Mr. and Mrs. Dick gave generously to the hospital at Bay Shore, the Brooklyn Eye and Ear Hospital, the House of St. Giles for Cripples and many other charities.
The survivors of Mrs. Dick are two sons, William K. Dick, who married the widow of Colonel John Jacob Astor, and Adolph M. Dick and two daughters. Mrs. Horace Havemeyer and Mrs. W. Kingsland Macy, wife of the chairman of the Republican State Committee, all of Islip, and nine grandchildren.
It is expected funeral services will be held at the Lutheran Church of the Holy Trinity, Sixty-fifth Street and Central Park West, Manhattan. Burial will take place in Lutheran Cemetery.
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1931/10/12/96922477.html?pageNumber=33
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